{"id":10541,"date":"2011-01-15T20:00:00","date_gmt":"2011-01-15T20:00:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2011-01-15T20:00:00","modified_gmt":"2011-01-15T20:00:00","slug":"jei-paciente-skundziasi-premenstruaciniais-simptomais","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/naujausi-medicinos-straipsniai\/jei-paciente-skundziasi-premenstruaciniais-simptomais\/10541\/","title":{"rendered":"Jei pacient\u0117 skund\u017eiasi premenstruaciniais simptomais"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><b><i><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Gyd. ginekolog\u0117 Sonata Kliokmanien\u0117<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><i><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Vilniaus gimdymo namai<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><b><i><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Inesa Karpavi\u010dien\u0117<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><i><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Kauno medicinos universitetas<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">\u0160eimos gydytojui tenka i\u0161klausyti daug \u012fvairi\u0173 savo pacien\u010di\u0173 nusiskundim\u0173. Da\u017enai i\u0161 vaisingo am\u017eiaus moter\u0173 vardijam\u0173 simptom\u0173 ry\u0161k\u0117ja premenstruacinio sindromo vaizdas, nors moteris konkre\u010diai jo ne\u012fvardija. K\u0105 patarti? Ar i\u0161kart si\u0173sti konsultuotis pas ginekolog\u0105?<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/priesmenstruacinis-sindromas\/55010\">Premenstruacinis sindromas (PMS) <\/a>\u2013 tai fizini\u0173, psichologini\u0173 ir elgesio simptom\u0173 grup\u0117, susijusi su m\u0117nesini\u0173 ciklo liuteinin\u0117s faz\u0117s laikotarpiu ir i\u0161nykstanti<\/p>\n<p><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">2\u20133-i\u0105 m\u0117nesini\u0173 dien\u0105. Premenstruacinis sindromas pirm\u0105 kart\u0105 literat\u016broje buvo apra\u0161ytas 1931 m. Jis vargina apie 10\u201390 proc. reprodukcinio am\u017eiaus moter\u0173, da\u017eniausiai tarp 20\u201340-ties met\u0173. Padid\u0117j\u0119s dirglumas, \u012ftampa, disforija ir nuotaikos svyravimai premenstruacin\u0117je faz\u0117je pasirei\u0161kia liga, sukelian\u010dia sunki\u0173 gyvenimo ir bendravimo problem\u0173, ji vadinama premenstruaciniu disforiniu sutrikimu. \u0160\u012f sutrikim\u0105 jau\u010dia dalis moter\u0173, kurioms pasirei\u0161kia PMS.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"505\" height=\"205\" alt=\"Jei pacient\u0117 skund\u017eiasi premenstruaciniais simptomais\" src=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Atnaujinti mechanizm\u0173 ai\u0161kinimai<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Premenstruacinio sindromo (PMS) simptom\u0173 etiologija n\u0117ra ai\u0161ki. Manoma, kad tai yra psichoendokrininis sutrikimas. Centrin\u0117s nerv\u0173 sistemos<\/p>\n<p><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">(CNS) serotoninerginius neuroninius mechanizmus veikia kiau\u0161id\u017ei\u0173 sintezuojam\u0173 hormon\u0173 poky\u010diai. Moterims, kurias vargina PMS simptomai, nustatoma ma\u017eesn\u0117 alopregnandiolio koncentracija liuteinin\u0117je faz\u0117je. \u0160is progesterono metabolitas, smegenyse aptinkamas neuroaktyvus steroidas, turi anksiolitin\u012f poveik\u012f, \u2212 suma\u017e\u0117jus jo koncentracijai, atsiranda didesn\u0117 depresijos, nerimo bei psichologin\u0117s \u012ftampos tikimyb\u0117.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Manoma, kad premenstruacinio disforinio sutrikimo (PMDS) prie\u017eastimi gali b\u016bti padid\u0117j\u0119s CNS jautrumas normaliam hormon\u0173 kiekiui ir serotonino ma\u017e\u0117jimas. Pastarojo suma\u017e\u0117jimas pasirei\u0161kia po\u017eymiais, kurie b\u016bdingi ir PMS: dirglumas, disforija, impulsyvumas. Keletas tyrim\u0173 pa\u017eymi, kad PMDS patogenez\u0117je svarb\u0173 vaidmen\u012f atlieka kiti neurotransmiteriai \u2013 suma\u017e\u0117ja \u03b3-aminosviesto r\u016bg\u0161ties (GABA), endogenini\u0173 opioid\u0173.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Kokie po \u017eymiai ?<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">PMS simptomai skirstomi \u012f dvi grupes: afektinius ir somatinius (lentel\u0117). PMDS galima traktuoti kaip sunki\u0105 PMS form\u0105 vyraujant psichologiniams simptomams. Jam b\u016bdinga prisl\u0117gta nuotaika, bevilti\u0161kumo jausmas, nerimas, \u012ftampa, \u201ekra\u0161tutin\u0117s\u201c<\/p>\n<p><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">b\u016bsenos jausmas, padid\u0117j\u0119s jautrumas (greitai verkia, staiga gali prad\u0117ti li\u016bd\u0117ti), pyktis ir dirglumas, tarpasmeniniai konfliktai, suma\u017e\u0117j\u0119s interesas kasdien\u0117je veikloje, sunku susikoncentruoti, mieguistumas, greitas nuovargis, energijos stoka, apetito poky\u010diai, padid\u0117j\u0119s apetitas, nemiga, mieguistumas, sunkumas susivaldyti ar savikontrol\u0117s praradimo jausmas, kiti somatiniai simptomai, pvz., kr\u016bt\u0173 tempimas, svorio padid\u0117jimas ir kt. Afektini\u0173 sutrikim\u0173 simptomai (<a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/depresija\/4455\">depresija<\/a>, dirglumas, nerimas) yra bene da\u017eniausiai pasirei\u0161kiantys po\u017eymiai, ir net 2\u2013 10 proc. moter\u0173 jie pasirei\u0161kia labai stipriai.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Diag nostiko s principai<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Diagnostika remiasi simptomais, kurie susij\u0119 su menstruaciniu ciklu, t.y. kai min\u0117ti simptomai vargina pacient\u0119, blogina gyvenimo kokyb\u0119 ne ma\u017eiau kaip tris m\u0117nesini\u0173 ciklus, yra susij\u0119 su liuteinine faze ir i\u0161nyksta 2\u20133-i\u0105 m\u0117nesini\u0173 ciklo dien\u0105. Diagnozuojant PMDS, reikia ne ma\u017eiau kaip penki\u0173 simptom\u0173 ir ne ma\u017eiau nei vienas i\u0161 j\u0173 turi b\u016bti psichologinis (pav.).<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Kadangi PMS\/PMDS pasirei\u0161kia cikli\u0161kai, tai reik\u0117t\u0173 atskirti nuo toki\u0173 lig\u0173, kurios pasirei\u0161kia ar pa\u016bm\u0117ja prie\u0161 menstruacijas. Psichikos sutrikimai \u2013 did\u017eioji <a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/depresija\/4455\">depresija<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/distimija\/72698\">distimija<\/a>, generalizuoto nerimo sutrikimas, bipolinis sutrikimas; kiti \u2013 perimenopauz\u0117, <a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/endometrioze\/4339\">endometrioz\u0117<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/suaugusiuju-hipotireoze-\/61185\">hipotireoz\u0117<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/dismenoreja\/55013\">dismenor\u0117ja<\/a>, autoimunin\u0117s ligos. Ry\u0161ys tarp PMS ir depresijos yra labai glaudus. Net 57 proc. moter\u0173, sirgusi\u0173 <a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/depresija\/4455\">depresija<\/a>, menstruacij\u0173 metu simptomai sustipr\u0117jo, 80 proc. sergan\u010di\u0173 premenstruaciniu disforiniu sutrikimu patyr\u0117 did\u017eiosios depresijos epizod\u0105 ir 29 proc. turin\u010di\u0173 vaik\u0173 moter\u0173 sirgo pogimdymine <a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/depresija\/4455\">depresija<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"507\" height=\"393\" alt=\"Jei pacient\u0117 skund\u017eiasi premenstruaciniais simptomais\" src=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Gydymas<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Nusta\u010dius sunk\u0173 PMS ar PMDS, nedelsiant pradedamas gydymas. PMS gydym\u0105 pagal veiksmingum\u0105 galima suskirstyti \u012f tris grupes.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">\u2022 Nefarmakologin\u0117 terapija. Nors maistas negali apsaugoti nuo premenstruacinio sindromo, ta\u010diau kai kurios maiste esan\u010dios med\u017eiagos gali palengvinti simptomus. Rekomenduojama valgyti reguliariai, saikingai, daug kart\u0173 per dien\u0105. Ma\u017einti druskos kiek\u012f maiste, ma\u017eiau valgyti \u0161okolado, riboti alkoholio ir kofeino turin\u010di\u0173 g\u0117rim\u0173. \u012e maisto racion\u0105 tur\u0117t\u0173 \u012feiti kuo daugiau neskaldyt\u0173 gr\u016bd\u0173, dar\u017eovi\u0173, ank\u0161tini\u0173 kult\u016br\u0173, vaisi\u0173. Angliavandeniai gali pad\u0117ti padidinti serotonino kiek\u012f smegenyse. Reik\u0117t\u0173 vengti riebal\u0173, perdirbto maisto. Alkoholis gali ne tik sustiprinti, bet ir sukelti PMS simptomus, tod\u0117l kelet\u0105 dien\u0173 prie\u0161 menstruacijas reik\u0117t\u0173 nuo jo susilaikyti.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Vienas i\u0161 da\u017eniausi\u0173 PMS simptom\u0173 \u2013 kr\u016bt\u0173 jautrumas. Jei moteris vargina b\u016btent \u0161is simptomas, reikia apriboti maist\u0105, kuriame yra metilksantino (t.y. kavos, kokakolos, juodosios arbatos, kakavos, energetini\u0173 g\u0117rim\u0173). Menstruacij\u0173 metu ir prie\u0161 jas organizmas patiria stres\u0105, tod\u0117l svarbu vartoti pakankamai kalcio. Neriebus pienas, s\u016bris ar jogurtas, kalciu praturtintos apelsin\u0173 sultys ir soj\u0173 produktai tur\u0117t\u0173 b\u016bti veiksminga priemon\u0117 esant PMS. Reguliar\u016bs fiziniai pratimai, pvz., trisde\u0161imties minu\u010di\u0173 rytin\u0117 mank\u0161ta, va\u017ein\u0117jimas dvira\u010diu ar plaukiojimas baseine. Mank\u0161ta netur\u0117t\u0173 sekinti. Stresas ma\u017einamas relaksacijos pratimais, taikoma psichologin\u0117 terapija. Patariama ilgiau miegoti. Jei organizme susilaiko skys\u010diai, reikia patarti pacient\u0117ms vartoti nat\u016brali\u0173 \u201ediuretik\u0173\u201c, pvz., agurk\u0173, salier\u0173, petra\u017eoli\u0173, taip pat kalio turin\u010di\u0173 maisto produkt\u0173 \u2013 banan\u0173, apelsin\u0173, d\u017eiovint\u0173 vaisi\u0173 (slyv\u0173, abrikos\u0173), pomidor\u0173, rie\u0161ut\u0173.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Prieskonis \u0161afranas taip pat gali suma\u017einti premenstruacinio sindromo simptomus. Jau anks\u010diau buvo \u017einoma, kad \u0161afranas suma\u017eina skrand\u017eio skausmus, vir\u0161kinimo sutrikimus ir net depresij\u0105. Manoma, kad \u0161is prieskonis gali paveikti depresijos simptomus veikdamas serotonino chemin\u012f cikl\u0105 smegenyse. Irano mokslinink\u0173 tyrim\u0173 duomenys parod\u0117, kad \u0161afranas ne tik su\u0161velnina depresijos simptomus, bet gali b\u016bti vartojamas ir PMS gydyti. Ta\u010diau reikia i\u0161samesni\u0173 tyrim\u0173 galutinai \u0161ioms i\u0161vadoms pagr\u012fsti. \u0160afranas laikomas brangiausiu i\u0161 \u017einomiausi\u0173 prieskoni\u0173 pasaulyje.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">\u2022 Veiksmingas farmakologinis gydymas. Taikomas, jei nefarmakologin\u0117 terapija neefektyvi. Tai gydymas SSRI antidepresantais (fluoksetinas, sertralinas, paroksetinas, venlafaksinas,<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">citalopramas, klomipraminas), anksiolitikais (alprazolamas, bu\u0161pironas), sud\u0117tin\u0117mis kontraceptin\u0117mis tablet\u0117mis (SKT).<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Sud\u0117tin\u0117s kontraceptin\u0117s tablet\u0117s \u2013 tai vieni i\u0161 geriausiai i\u0161tirt\u0173 bei prakti\u0161kai patikrint\u0173 hormonini\u0173 preparat\u0173, padedan\u010di\u0173 slopinti PMS simptomus. SKT sudarytos i\u0161 estrogen\u0173 ir progestin\u0173, kurie pagal savo sandar\u0105 ir poveik\u012f labai artimi nat\u016braliems lytiniams hormonams. SKT skirtos apsisaugoti nuo n\u0117\u0161tumo, dismenor\u0117jai, disfunkciniam kraujavimui, endometriozei, hiperandrogenemijai, taip pat \u2013 premenstruaciniam sindromui gydyti. SKT kei\u010dia m\u0117nesini\u0173 ciklo reguliacij\u0105 pogumburio- posmegenin\u0117s liaukos-kiau\u0161id\u017ei\u0173 srityje (slopinama FSH ir LH sekrecija posmegenin\u0117je liaukoje). Sud\u0117tin\u0117s kontraceptin\u0117s tablet\u0117s PMS b\u016bdingus simptomus: kr\u016bt\u0173 tempim\u0105, tinim\u0105, pilvo, galvos ir nugaros skausmus, depresin\u0119 nuotaik\u0105, dirglum\u0105 ar greit\u0105 nuovarg\u012f, suma\u017eina tik i\u0161 dalies, bet, vartojant jas ilgaisiais ciklais, moter\u0173 savijauta gali pager\u0117ti.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Nepertraukiamas vienfazi\u0173 sud\u0117tini\u0173 geriam\u0173j\u0173 kontraceptik\u0173 vartojimas po 12 savai\u010di\u0173 ir ilgiau, darant 7 dien\u0173 pertrauk\u0105 be hormon\u0173, vadinamas vartojimu ilguoju ciklu. Skiriant nepertraukiam\u0105 gydym\u0105 SKT, galima mal\u0161inti simptomus, susijusius su progesterono koncentracijos did\u0117jimu liuteinin\u0117s faz\u0117s metu, bei simptomus, sukeltus hormon\u0173 suma\u017e\u0117jimo prie\u0161 m\u0117nesines.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Kiti vaistai: diuretikai \u2013 spironolaktonas, aldosterono antagonistas, strukt\u016bri\u0161kai pana\u0161us \u012f steroidinius hormonus, efektyviai ma\u017eina kr\u016bt\u0173 tempim\u0105 ir skys\u010di\u0173 susilaikym\u0105. GnRH agonistai vartojami tik esant sunkiam ir kitaip nekoreguojamam PMDS.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">\u2022 Tik\u0117tinai neveiksmingi preparatai. Preparatai, kurie, kaip tiki dalis moter\u0173, padeda nuo PMS simptom\u0173, ta\u010diau j\u0173 veiksmingumo \u012frodym\u0173 n\u0117ra: estradiolis (monoterapija), progesteronas (monoterapija), vitaminai A ir E, dvimet\u0117s nakvi\u0161os aliejus. Apibendrinant galima pasakyti, kad premenstruaciniai simptomai \u2013 problema sena, nors yra nauj\u0173 mokslo \u012frodym\u0173, padedan\u010di\u0173 i\u0161ai\u0161kinti ligos mechanizmus ar gydymo galimybes, ta\u010diau ji i\u0161lieka aktuali tiek didelei daliai vaisingo am\u017eiaus moter\u0173, tiek ir \u0161eimos gydytojams, \u012f kuriuos pirmiausia kreipiasi pacient\u0117s. Nereikia ignoruoti simptom\u0173, reikia patarti, kaip pacient\u0117 gali pad\u0117ti sau, patarti vartoti preparat\u0173, kuri\u0173 veiksmingumas esant \u0161iai b\u016bklei \u2013 tiek lengvesnei, tiek vidutinio sunkumo \u2013 seniai \u012frodytas.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Esant sunkesniems atvejams, si\u0173sti pas specialistus &#8211; ginekolog\u0105 ar net psichoterapeut\u0105.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Sveikas n\u0117\u0161tumas \u2013 sveikas k\u016bdikis<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Pareng\u0117 gyd. Viktorija Rima\u0161auskait\u0117<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">N\u0117\u0161\u010diosios, u\u017esiiman\u010dios reguliaria vidutinio intensyvumo aerobine mank\u0161ta, pagimdys \u0161iek tiek ma\u017eesnio svorio k\u016bdikius, nedidindamos savo rezistenti\u0161kumo insulinui, kuris yra svarbiausias \u017eymuo, atspindintis vaisiaus apr\u016bpinim\u0105 maisto med\u017eiagomis. Didesnis k\u016bdikio gimimo svoris rei\u0161kia didesn\u0119 nutukimo vaikyst\u0117je rizik\u0105. Tai pirmasis tyrimas, kurio metu buvo \u012frodyta sportavimo be svarmen\u0173, pavyzd\u017eiui, va\u017eiavimo stacionariu dvira\u010diu, poveikio reik\u0161m\u0117 k\u016bdikio gimimo svoriui.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Tyrimo bendraautoris i\u0161 Auklando universiteto (angl. <i>University of Auckland<\/i>, Naujoji Zelandija) gyd. Paul Hofman teigia, kad tyrimo rezultatai parod\u0117, jog reguliari aerobin\u0117 mank\u0161ta ka\u017ekokiu b\u016bdu veikia moters aplink\u0105 taip, kad stimuliuojama vaisiaus augimui svarbi\u0173 maisto med\u017eiag\u0173 apykaita, tod\u0117l suma\u017e\u0117ja jo gimimo svoris. Didelis vaiko gimimo svoris siejamas su padid\u0117jusia nutukimo rizika, o, saikingai suma\u017e\u0117jus k\u016bdikio gimimo svoriui, rei\u0161kia ilgalaik\u0119 naud\u0105 vaiko sveikatai, nes suma\u017e\u0117ja rizika v\u0117lesniais gyvenimo metais. \u0160io tyrimo metu taip pat buvo vertintas motin\u0173 jautrumo insulinui kitimas, priklausomas nuo aerobin\u0117s mank\u0161tos n\u0117\u0161tumo metu. Nustatyta, kad motinos rezistenti\u0161kumas insulinui koreliuoja su vaiko gimimo svoriu. \u0160io tyrimo metu paai\u0161k\u0117jo, kad mank\u0161ta ma\u017eina rezistenti\u0161kum\u0105 insulinui, ta\u010diau reguliari mank\u0161ta n\u0117\u0161tumo metu nesuma\u017eina rezistenti\u0161kumo insulinui taip, kaip jis ma\u017e\u0117ja nen\u0117\u0161\u010diai moteriai sportuojant.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Fiziologinis atsakas \u012f n\u0117\u0161tum\u0105 yra stipresnis u\u017e jautrumo insulinui l\u0117tin\u012f pager\u0117jim\u0105, kuris anks\u010diau buvo apra\u0161ytas sportuojant nen\u0117\u0161\u010dioms moterims. Tai labai svarbi \u017einia sportuojan\u010dioms moterims, kurios nori toliau sportuoti ir n\u0117\u0161tumo metu, nes rezultatai rodo, kad treniruot\u0117s neturi didel\u0117s neigiamos \u012ftakos insulino rezistenti\u0161kumui.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">\u0160iame tyrime dalyvavo 84 pirmakart\u0117s gimdyv\u0117s, kurios buvo suskirstytos \u012f sportuojan\u010di\u0173j\u0173 ir kontrolin\u0119 grupes. Sportuojan\u010di\u0173j\u0173 grup\u0117s moterys va\u017eiavo stacionariu dvira\u010diu individualiu re\u017eimu, kuris maksimaliai buvo iki 5 treniruo\u010di\u0173 per savait\u0119 po 40 min. aerobiniu intensyvumu. Jos tur\u0117jo i\u0161laikyti treniruo\u010di\u0173 re\u017eim\u0105 iki 36 n\u0117\u0161tumo savait\u0117s. Jautrumas insulinui buvo vertintas 19, 34 ir 36 n\u0117\u0161tumo savait\u0117mis, atliekant intravenin\u012f gliukoz\u0117s toleravimo test\u0105. Gimimo svoris ir k\u016bno mas\u0117s indeksas (KMI) buvo vertinamas per pirm\u0105sias 48 val. po k\u016bdikio gimimo.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Treniruot\u0117s netur\u0117jo \u012ftakos motin\u0173 svoriui ar KMI v\u0117lesniaisiais n\u0117\u0161tumo m\u0117nesiais. Be to, sportavimas netur\u0117jo \u012ftakos rezistenti\u0161kumui insulinui lyginant j\u012f n\u0117\u0161tumo prad\u017eioje ir pabaigoje, kaip ir bet kuriam kitam gliukoz\u0117s reguliacij\u0105 atspindin\u010diam \u017eymeniui. Sportavusi\u0173j\u0173 moter\u0173 naujagimi\u0173 vidutinis k\u016bno svoris buvo ma\u017eesnis, palyginti su kontroline grupe, nors naujagimi\u0173 \u016bgis tarp grupi\u0173 nesiskyr\u0117. Sportas l\u0117m\u0117 ir ma\u017eesn\u012f k\u016bdiki\u0173 KMI.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><i><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><i><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism (JCEM), online April 5, 2010<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><i><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><i><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">\u017durnalas \u201eGydymo menas\u201c<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/priesmenstruacinis-sindromas\/55010\">Premenstruacinis sindromas (PMS)<\/a> &ndash; tai fizini\u0173, psichologini\u0173 ir elgesio simptom\u0173 grup\u0117, susijusi su m\u0117nesini\u0173 ciklo liuteinin\u0117s faz\u0117s laikotarpiu ir i\u0161nykstanti <span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-fareast-language: LT\">2&ndash;3-i\u0105 m\u0117nesini\u0173 dien\u0105.<\/span><o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27313],"tags":[109,51,184,1481,272,108,259,112,21,1178,1041,64,60,1394,138],"site":[],"post_item_type":[27345],"class_list":["post-10541","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gydymo-naujienos","tag-depresija","tag-jausmas","tag-maiste","tag-mieguistumas","tag-motinu","tag-nerimas","tag-preparatai","tag-serotonino","tag-sindromas","tag-sveikas","tag-svoris","tag-tabletes","tag-terapija","tag-treniruotes","tag-vaistai"],"acf":{"post_sites":false},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10541","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10541"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10541\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10541"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10541"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10541"},{"taxonomy":"site","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/site?post=10541"},{"taxonomy":"post_item_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_item_type?post=10541"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}