{"id":13170,"date":"2008-12-11T20:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-12-11T20:00:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2008-12-11T20:00:00","modified_gmt":"2008-12-11T20:00:00","slug":"ankstyvo-pradeto-gydymo-zofenopriliu-nauda-miokardo-infarktu-ir-metaboliniu-sindromu-sergantiems-pacientams-smile-tyrimo-duomenys","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/naujausi-medicinos-straipsniai\/ankstyvo-pradeto-gydymo-zofenopriliu-nauda-miokardo-infarktu-ir-metaboliniu-sindromu-sergantiems-pacientams-smile-tyrimo-duomenys\/13170\/","title":{"rendered":"Ankstyvo prad\u0117to gydymo Zofenopriliu nauda miokardo infarktu ir metaboliniu sindromu sergantiems pacientams &#8211; Smile tyrimo duomenys"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><b><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">\u012eVADAS<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">\u012evykus \u016bminiam miokardo infarkto anksti tradicin\u012f gydym\u0105 papild\u017eius angiotenzin\u0105 konvertuojan\u010dio fermento (AKF) inhibitoriumi reik\u0161mingai pager\u0117ja pacient\u0173 i\u0161gyvenamumas stacionarinio gydymo laikotarpiu ir v\u0117liau (1). \u012evykus miokardo infarktui (MI), aktyvuojama plazmos ir audini\u0173 renino ir angiotenzino sistema. Manoma, kad AKF inhibitori\u0173 nauda pasirei\u0161kia b\u016btent blokuojant \u0161i\u0105 sistem\u0105 (2).<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/metabolinis-sindromas\/4526\">Metabolinis sindromas<\/a> (MS) \u2013 tai plejada \u0161irdies ir kraujagysli\u0173 lig\u0173 rizikos veiksni\u0173, kaip antai: pilvinis <a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/nutukimas\/4355\">nutukimas<\/a>, aterogenin\u0117 dislipidemija, hipertenzija ir padid\u0117j\u0119s audini\u0173 atsparumas insulinui (3). Esant MS, sergamumas ir mir\u0161tamumas nuo \u0161irdies ir kraujagysli\u0173 lig\u0173 did\u0117ja. Metabolinio sindromo paplitimas bendroje populiacijoje siekia 15\u201320\u00a0proc. (4), ta\u010diau patyrusiems miokardo infarkt\u0105 jis nustatomas da\u017eniau \u2013 beveik 50\u00a0proc. atvej\u0173 (5). <a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/miokardo-infarktas\/4345\">Miokardo infarktas<\/a> \u2013 jau savaime savo i\u0161eitimis g\u0105sdinanti liga, o kartu sergant ir metaboliniu sindromu mirties d\u0117l bet koki\u0173 prie\u017eas\u010di\u0173 bei \u0161irdies ir kraujagysli\u0173 sistemos komplikacij\u0173 rizika dar labiau padid\u0117ja (6). Pastaruoju metu gauti duomenys pagrind\u017eia hipotez\u0119, kad MS b\u016bdinga hiperinsulinemija gali didinti kraujagysli\u0173 angiotenzino receptori\u0173 rai\u0161k\u0105, d\u0117l to aktyvinama audini\u0173 renino ir angiotenzino sistema. Tai ypa\u010d \u017ealinga pacientams, kuriems \u012fvyko \u016bminis <a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/miokardo-infarktas\/4345\">miokardo infarktas<\/a> (7). Tod\u0117l MS sergantiems pacientams, \u012fvykus miokardo infarktui, b\u016btent AKF inhibitoriams gali tekti esminis vaidmuo gerinant j\u0173 ilgalaikes i\u0161eitis (8).<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Tyrimo SMILE (angl. <i>Survival of Miocardial Infarction Long-term Evaluation<\/i>) metu zofenoprilis (sulfhidrilinis AKF inhibitorius) pagerino i\u0161eitis \u016bminiu ir v\u0117lyvuoju laikotarpiu po miokardo infarkto, paskyrus \u0161io vaisto per pirmas 24 valandas nuo simptom\u0173 prad\u017eios (9). \u0160iame straipsnyje pateikiami papildomos tyrimo SMILE duomen\u0173 analiz\u0117s, vertinusios zofenoprilio poveik\u012f klinikin\u0117ms i\u0161eitims, kai pacientai sirgo metaboliniu sindromu <a class=\" FCK__AnchorC FCK__AnchorC FCK__AnchorC\" name=\"OLE_LINK4\">(MS+)<\/a> ar juo nesirgo (MS\u2013), rezultatai (10).<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><b><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">APIETYRIM\u0104<i> SMILE<\/i><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Tyrime SMILE dalyvavo 1556 pacientai. Jiems atvykus \u012f specializuot\u0105 gydymo \u012fstaig\u0105, per 24 valandas nuo \u016bminio miokardo infarkto simptom\u0173 prad\u017eios atsitiktini\u0173 im\u010di\u0173 b\u016bdu kartu su standartiniu medikamentiniu gydymu buvo skirta AKF inhibitoriaus zofenoprilio arba placebo. \u012evyk\u0119s <a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/miokardo-infarktas\/4345\">miokardo infarktas<\/a> patvirtintas klini\u0161kai (kr\u016btin\u0117s skausmas) ir elektrokardiografi\u0161kai (priekin\u0117s sienos <a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/miokardo-infarktas\/4345\">miokardo infarktas<\/a>), o pacientai nebuvo tinkami atlikti tromboliz\u0119, nes tam buvo kontraindikacij\u0173 arba jie per v\u0117lai atvyko.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Pradin\u0117 geriamojo zofenoprilio doz\u0117 buvo 7,5 mg. Po 12 valand\u0173 ji skirta pakartotinai ir paskui laipsni\u0161kai didinta iki 30 mg 2 kartus per dien\u0105, jei sistolinis kraujosp\u016bdis i\u0161liko didesnis nei 100 mm\u00a0Hg ir nebuvo hipotenzijos simptom\u0173. Pacient\u0173 klinikin\u0117s b\u016bkl\u0117s ir kit\u0173 rodikli\u0173 vertinimai atlikti gydymo ligonin\u0117je metu, po 4 savai\u010di\u0173 ir dvigubai slapto gydymo laikotarpio pabaigoje (po 6 savai\u010di\u0173). Tyrimo metu pacientus buvo galima gydyti bet kokiais vaistais, i\u0161skyrus kitus AKF inhibitorius. Po 6 savai\u010di\u0173 dvigubai slapto gydymo pacientai toliau t\u0119s\u0117 gydym\u0105 \u017einodami, kok\u012f vaist\u0105 (zofenopril\u012f ar placeb\u0105) vartoja, j\u0173 b\u016bkl\u0117 buvo galutinai vertinama po 1 met\u0173.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">1418 pacient\u0173 buvo suskirstyti \u012f MS+ ir MS\u2013 grupes. Metabolinio sindromo grupei priskirti pacientai, atitinkantys bent 3 i\u0161 5 NCEP-ATP III metabolinio sindromo kriterijus: hipertenzija, padid\u0117jusi triglicerid\u0173 koncentracija serume, suma\u017e\u0117jusi didelio tankio lipoprotein\u0173 cholesterolio koncentracija serume, antsvoris, padid\u0117jusi gliukoz\u0117s koncentracija plazmoje nevalgius.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><b><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Pagrindinis tyrimo SMILE tikslas \u2013 \u012fvertinti bendr\u0105 mir\u0161tamum\u0105 ir atsiradusio sunkaus stazinio \u0161irdies nepakankamumo da\u017en\u012f per 6 gydymo zofenopriliu arba placebu savaites, kai kartu skiriamas \u012fprastinis MI medikamentinis gydymas.<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><b><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">REZULTATAI<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">I\u0161 1418 pacient\u0173, kuri\u0173 duomenys buvo tinkami analizei, 686 (48,3\u00a0proc.) sirgo metaboliniu sindromu (MS+) ir 732 (51,7\u00a0proc.) \u2013 juo nesirgo (MS\u2013). Gydymas placebu arba zofenopriliu MS+ ir MS\u2013 grup\u0117se buvo skiriamas vienodai da\u017enai. MS+ ir MS\u2013 grup\u0117s buvo vienalyt\u0117s pagal bazinius klinikinius simptomus, ta\u010diau, suprantama, MS+ grup\u0117je buvo reik\u0161mingai didesn\u0117 pacient\u0173 k\u016bno mas\u0117 ir kraujosp\u016bdis, sergamumas diabetu ir hipertenzija.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><b><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Pirmin\u0117s i\u0161eitys<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Per 6 gydymo savaites pirmin\u0117s i\u0161eities (bendro mir\u0161tamumo ir sunkaus stazinio \u0161irdies nepakankamumo) da\u017enis buvo ma\u017eesnis metaboliniu sindromu sirgusi\u0173 (MS+) pacient\u0173 grup\u0117je, palyginti su juo nesirgusi\u0173 (MS\u2013) pacient\u0173 grupe. MS+ pacientams zofenoprilis 69\u00a0proc. statisti\u0161kai reik\u0161mingai (2p=0,002) suma\u017eino pirmin\u0117s i\u0161eities da\u017en\u012f, palyginti su placebu <i>(1 pav.)<\/i>. Per 6 savai\u010di\u0173 gydymo laikotarp\u012f MS\u2013 pacient\u0173 grup\u0117je bendro mir\u0161tamumo ir sunkaus stazinio \u0161irdies nepakankamumo da\u017enis (ismesti o skirtumas gydant zofenopriliu arba placebu nesp\u0117jo i\u0161ry\u0161k\u0117ti ir nesiek\u0117 statistinio patikimumo ribos, nors) vartojant zofenopril\u012f buvo 11 proc. ma\u017eesnis <i>(<\/i>2<i> pav.)<\/i>.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><br clear=\"all\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\"><i>1 pav.<b> Pirmin\u0117s i\u0161eities (bendro mir\u0161tamumo ir sunkaus stazinio \u0161irdies nepakankamumo) da\u017enis po 6 gydymo zofenopriliu arba placebu savai\u010di\u0173 metaboliniu sindromu sergan\u010di\u0173 (MS+) pacient\u0173 grup\u0117je<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\"><i><b><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"342\" width=\"597\" alt=\"Ankstyvo prad\u0117to gydymo Zofenopriliu nauda miokardo infarktu ir metaboliniu sindromu sergantiems pacientams - Smile tyrimo duomenys\" src=\"\"><\/b><\/i><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\"><i><b><\/p>\n<div><br clear=\"all\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\"><i>2 pav.<\/i> <b><i>Kumuliacinis pirmin\u0117s i\u0161eities (bendro mir\u0161tamumo ir sunkaus stazinio \u0161irdies nepakankamumo) da\u017enis per 6 gydymo zofenopriliu arba placebu savaites<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/b><\/i><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\"><i><b><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"391\" width=\"613\" alt=\"Ankstyvo prad\u0117to gydymo Zofenopriliu nauda miokardo infarktu ir metaboliniu sindromu sergantiems pacientams - Smile tyrimo duomenys\" src=\"\"><\/b><\/i><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<div style=\"background: #99ccff\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Zofenopril \u2013 Zofenoprilis (n=362)<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"background: #99ccff\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">MS+ (2p=0,017)<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"background: #99ccff\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Time \u2013 Laikas (savait\u0117s)<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div><b><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Antrin\u0117s i\u0161eitys<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Ankstyvuoju \u016bminio miokardo infarkto laikotarpiu paskirtas zofenoprilis reik\u0161mingai suma\u017eino mir\u0161tamum\u0105 per 1 metus MS+ ir MS\u2212 pacient\u0173 grup\u0117se, palyginti su placebu <i>(3 pav)<\/i>. Metaboliniu sindromu sergantiems pacientams zofenoprilis suma\u017eino mir\u0161tamum\u0105 29\u00a0proc., palyginti su placebu, a metaboliniu sindromu nesergantiems pacientams \u2013 19 proc., palyginti su placebu.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div><br clear=\"all\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\"><i>3 pav.<b> Mir\u0161tamumas per 1 metus metaboliniu sindromu sergan\u010di\u0173 (MS+) ir juo nesergan\u010di\u0173 (MS\u2013) pacient\u0173 grup\u0117se, gydant zofenopriliu arba placebu<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/div>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"470\" width=\"607\" alt=\"Ankstyvo prad\u0117to gydymo Zofenopriliu nauda miokardo infarktu ir metaboliniu sindromu sergantiems pacientams - Smile tyrimo duomenys\" src=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<div><b><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">APTARIMAS<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Tyrimo SMILE pacient\u0173 duomen\u0173 analiz\u0117 parod\u0117, kad metaboliniu sindromu sergantiems (MS+) pacientams, hospitalizuotiems d\u0117l \u016bminio priekinio miokardo infarkto, anksti prad\u0117tas gydymas zofenopriliu: 1) suma\u017eina bendr\u0105 mir\u0161tamum\u0105 ir sunkaus stazinio \u0161irdies nepakankamumo da\u017en\u012f ankstyvuoju laikotarpiu (per 6 savaites) ir 2) pagerina ilgalaik\u012f i\u0161gyvenamum\u0105. Santykin\u0117 mirties ir sunkaus stazinio \u0161irdies nepakankamumo rizika MS+ pacientams, vartojusiems zofenoprilio, suma\u017e\u0117jo atitinkamai 69\u00a0proc. ir 29\u00a0proc., o MS\u2212 pacientams \u2013 (ismesti tik) 11\u00a0proc. ir 19\u00a0proc.<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">\u0160i analiz\u0117 yra pirmas atsitiktini\u0173 im\u010di\u0173, placebo kontroliuojamu tyrimu paremtas \u012frodymas, kad anksti po \u012fvykusio miokardo infarkto paskirtas AKF inhibitorius pagerina metaboliniu sindromu sergan\u010di\u0173 pacient\u0173 prognoz\u0119. Nors kai kuri\u0173 literat\u016bros \u0161altini\u0173 duomenimis, renino ir angiotenzino sistemos slopinimas AKF inhibitoriais didel\u0117s rizikos pacientams gali b\u016bti naudingas, tr\u016bko duomen\u0173 apie metaboliniu sindromu ar diabetu sergan\u010dius pacientus, susirgusius \u016bminiu miokardo infarktu. Tyrimo SMILE duomen\u0173 analiz\u0117 padeda u\u017epildyti min\u0117tas spragas. \u012edomu pasteb\u0117ti, kad zofenoprilio bendr\u0105 mir\u0161tamum\u0105 ir sunkaus stazinio \u0161irdies nepakankamumo da\u017en\u012f ma\u017einantis poveikis didele dalimi nepriklaus\u0117 nuo kraujosp\u016bd\u017eio suma\u017e\u0117jimo. Tai leid\u017eia manyti, kad zofenoprilis gali pagerinti metaboliniu sindromu sergan\u010di\u0173 pacient\u0173 prognoz\u0119 ne tik veikdamas hemodinamik\u0105. Tokia hipotez\u0117 tik\u0117tina, kadangi ir <a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/miokardo-infarktas\/4345\">miokardo infarktas<\/a>, ir <a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/metabolinis-sindromas\/4526\">metabolinis sindromas<\/a> yra susij\u0119 su neurohumoraline aktyvacija, kuriai atsirasti svarbi simpatin\u0117 nerv\u0173 sistema bei renino ir angiotenzino sistema (2). MS+ pacientams min\u0117t\u0173 sistem\u0173 aktyvacija gali didinti audini\u0173 atsparum\u0105 insulinui ir lemti hiperinsulinemij\u0105, tod\u0117l padid\u0117ja audini\u0173 angiotenzino II receptori\u0173 rai\u0161ka (7). MS+ pacientams, patyrusiems \u016bmin\u012f miokardo infarkt\u0105, \u0161is mechanizmas gali neigiamai s\u0105veikauti su esama renino ir angiotenzino sistemos aktyvacija. Tuo galima paai\u0161kinti didesn\u012f AKF inhibitori\u0173 veiksmingum\u0105 tyrimo SMILE metu b\u016btent metaboliniu sindromu sergan\u010di\u0173 pacient\u0173 grup\u0117je. Kitos zofenoprilio savyb\u0117s \u2013 geb\u0117jimas apsaugoti kair\u012fj\u012f skilvel\u012f nuo remodeliacijos ir stabdyti ateroskleroz\u0117s progresavim\u0105 (11) \u2013 gali prisid\u0117ti prie \u0161io vaisto mir\u0161tamum\u0105 ir l\u0117tinio \u0161irdies nepakankamumo da\u017en\u012f ma\u017einan\u010dio poveikio.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div><b><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">APIBENDRINIMAS<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Atliekant tyrimo SMILE duomen\u0173 papildom\u0105 analiz\u0119 siekta \u012fvertinti anksti po \u012fvykusio \u016bminio miokardo infarkto paskirto zofenoprilio naud\u0105 metaboliniu sindromu sergantiems arba juo nesergantiems pacientams. Vertintas bendras mir\u0161tamumas ir sunkaus stazinio \u0161irdies nepakankamumo da\u017enis per 6 gydymo savaites ir mir\u0161tamumas per 1 metus.<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Beveik pus\u0117 tyrimo SMILE pacient\u0173 sirgo metaboliniu sindromu. Po 6 savai\u010di\u0173 gydymo zofenoprilis 69\u00a0proc. reik\u0161mingai suma\u017eino bendr\u0105 mir\u0161tamum\u0105 ir sunkaus stazinio \u0161irdies nepakankamumo da\u017en\u012f (2p=0,002) metaboliniu sindromu sergantiems pacientams. Naudingas zofenoprilio poveikis nustatytas ir v\u0117lyvuoju laikotarpiu po persirgto \u016bminio priekinio miokardo infarkto \u2013 \u0161is vaistas 29 proc. (2p=0,048) suma\u017eino mir\u0161tamum\u0105 per 1 metus MS+ pacientams. Zofenoprilis taip pat buvo veiksmingas ir metaboliniu sindromu nesergantiems ligoniams, (ismesti ta\u010diau) reik\u0161mingai, palyginti su placebu, suma\u017eino (ismesti tik) mir\u0161tamum\u0105 per 1 metus (\u221219\u00a0proc.; 2p=0,025).<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">SMILE tyrimo duomen\u0173 papildoma analiz\u0117 rodo stulbinam\u0105 anksti \u016bminio priekinio miokardo infarkto metu paskirto zofenoprilio naud\u0105 metaboliniu sindromu sergantiems pacientams ir leid\u017eia teigti, kad AKF inhibitoriai tokiems pacientams yra b\u016btina gydymo dalis.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div align=\"right\"><i><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Pareng\u0117 gyd. R. GRYBAUSKIEN\u0116<\/span><\/i><\/div>\n<div align=\"right\"><i><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Gauta: 2008-11-15<\/span><\/i><\/div>\n<div align=\"right\"><i><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Pateikta spaudai: 2008-11-28<\/span><\/i><\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">LITERAT\u016aRA<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; text-indent: -18pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">1.<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Borghi, C; Marino, P; Zardini, P, et al. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Short- and long-term effects of early fosinopril administration in patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction undergoing intravenous thrombolysis: results from the Fosinopril in Acute Myocardial Infarction Study. FAMIS Working Party. <span style=\"font-style: normal\">Am Heart J. <\/span>1998;<span style=\"font-weight: normal\">136<\/span><b>:<\/b>213\u2013225.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; text-indent: -18pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">2.<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Walsh, JT; Batin, PD; Hawkins, M, et al. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Ventricular dilatation in the absence of ACE inhibitors: influence of haemodynamic and neurohormonal variables following myocardial infarction. <span style=\"font-style: normal\">Heart. <\/span>1999;<span style=\"font-weight: normal\">81<\/span>:33\u20139.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; text-indent: -18pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">3.<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Eckel, RH; Grundy, SM; Zimmet, PZ. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">The metabolic syndrome. <span style=\"font-style: normal\">Lancet<em>. <\/em><\/span>2005;<span style=\"font-weight: normal\">365<\/span>:1415\u201328.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; text-indent: -18pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">4.<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Ford, ES; Giles, WH; Dietz, WH. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. <span style=\"font-style: normal\">JAMA<em>. <\/em><\/span>2002;<span style=\"font-weight: normal\">287<\/span>:356\u20139.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; text-indent: -18pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">5.<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Zeller, M; Steg, PG; Ravisy, J, et al. Observatoire des Infarctus de Cote-d\u2019Or Survey Working Group. Prevalence and impact of metabolic syndrome on hospital outcomes in acute myocardial infarction. <span style=\"font-style: normal\">Arch Intern Med.<\/span>2005;<span style=\"font-weight: normal\">165<\/span>:1192\u20138.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; text-indent: -18pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">6.<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Ninomiya, JK; L\u2019Italien, G; Criqui, MH, et al. Association of the metabolic syndrome with history of myocardial infarction and stroke in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. <span style=\"font-style: normal\">Circulation<em>. <\/em><\/span>2004;<span style=\"font-weight: normal\">109<\/span>:42\u20136.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; text-indent: -18pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">7.<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Muller, C; Reddert, A; Wassmann, S, et al. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Insulin-like growth factor induces up-regulation of AT(1)-receptor gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. <span style=\"font-style: normal\">J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. <\/span>2000;<span style=\"font-weight: normal\">1<\/span>:273\u20137.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; text-indent: -18pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">8.<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Prasad, A; Quyyumi, AA. Renin-angiotensin system and angiotensin receptor blockers in the metabolic syndrome. <span style=\"font-style: normal\">Circulation. <\/span>2004;<span style=\"font-weight: normal\">110<\/span>:1507\u201312.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; text-indent: -18pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">9.<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Ambrosioni, E; Borghi, C; Magnani, B. The effect of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor zofenopril on mortality and morbidity after anterior myocardial infarction. The Survival of Myocardial Infarction Long-Term Evaluation (SMILE) Study Investigators. <span style=\"font-style: normal\">N Engl J Med. <\/span>1995;<span style=\"font-weight: normal\">332<\/span>:80\u20135.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; text-indent: -18pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">10.<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'\">\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Borghi, C; Cicero, A; Ambrosioni, E. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Effects of early treatment with zofenopril in patients with myocardial infarction and metabolic syndrome: the SMILE Study. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Vasc Health Risk Manag. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">2008 June; <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">4<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">(3)<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">: 665\u2013671.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; text-indent: -18pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">11.<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'\">\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\">Frascarelli, S; Ghelardoni, S; Ronca-Testoni, S; Zucchi, R. Cardioprotective effect of zofenopril in perfused rat heart subjected to ischemia and reperfusion. <span style=\"font-style: normal\">J Cardiovasc Pharmacol.<\/span>2004;<span style=\"font-weight: normal\">43<\/span>:294\u20139.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 \u012eVADAS \u012evykus \u016bminiam miokardo infarkto anksti tradicin\u012f gydym\u0105 papild\u017eius angiotenzin\u0105 konvertuojan\u010dio fermento (AKF) inhibitoriumi reik\u0161mingai pager\u0117ja pacient\u0173 i\u0161gyvenamumas stacionarinio gydymo laikotarpiu ir v\u0117liau (1). \u012evykus miokardo infarktui (MI), aktyvuojama plazmos ir audini\u0173 renino ir angiotenzino sistema. Manoma, kad AKF inhibitori\u0173 nauda pasirei\u0161kia b\u016btent blokuojant \u0161i\u0105 sistem\u0105 (2). Metabolinis sindromas (MS) \u2013 tai plejada \u0161irdies&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[1001,411,431,93,869,430,761,157,1361,751,1261,1003,211,771,21,1058,1140],"site":[],"post_item_type":[27345],"class_list":["post-13170","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","tag-angiotenzino-sistemos","tag-health","tag-hipertenzija","tag-infarktas","tag-inhibitorius","tag-kraujospudis","tag-metabolinis","tag-nutukimas","tag-pacientams-naudingas","tag-placebo","tag-prevalence","tag-renino-angiotenzino-sistemos","tag-sergamumas","tag-sergantiems-pacientams","tag-sindromas","tag-sirdies-nepakankamumo-daznis","tag-zofenoprilis"],"acf":{"post_sites":false},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13170","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13170"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13170\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13170"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13170"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13170"},{"taxonomy":"site","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/site?post=13170"},{"taxonomy":"post_item_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_item_type?post=13170"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}