{"id":9365,"date":"2012-04-13T18:00:00","date_gmt":"2012-04-13T18:00:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2016-03-24T23:27:13","modified_gmt":"2016-03-24T23:27:13","slug":"cukrinis-diabetas-patogeneze-diagnostika-gydymas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/naujausi-medicinos-straipsniai\/cukrinis-diabetas-patogeneze-diagnostika-gydymas\/9365\/","title":{"rendered":"Cukrinis diabetas: patogenez\u0117, diagnostika, gydymas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Dr. J\u016brat\u0117 Butnorien\u0117<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">LSMU MA Endokrinologijos institutas<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Cukrinis diabetas (CD) yra visuma metabolini\u0173 sutrikim\u0173, pasirei\u0161kian\u010di\u0173 l\u0117tine hiperglikemija bei angliavandeni\u0173, baltym\u0173 ir riebal\u0173 apykaitos sutrikimais, atsirandan\u010diais d\u0117l daugyb\u0117s paveldim\u0173 ir \u012fgyjam\u0173 etiologini\u0173 veiksni\u0173, sutrikdan\u010di\u0173 insulino i\u0161skyrim\u0105 ar jo veikim\u0105 arba sukelian\u010di\u0173 abu sutrikimus [1]. L\u0117tin\u0117 hiperglikemija toksi\u0161kai veikia \u012fvairias organizmo l\u0105steles ir audinius \u2013 tai lemia organ\u0173 funkcijos sutrikim\u0105 bei nepakankamum\u0105. Angliavandeni\u0173, baltym\u0173 ir riebal\u0173 apykaitos sutrikimai atsiranda d\u0117l nepakankamo insulino poveikio (esant insulino stokai ar atsparumui insulinui) audiniams taikiniams. Procesui progresuojant atsiranda specifini\u0173 CD komplikacij\u0173: stambi\u0173j\u0173 kraujagysli\u0173 pa\u017eeidimas (makroangiopatija), nervini\u0173 skaidul\u0173 pa\u017eeidimas (neuropatija), smulki\u0173j\u0173 kraujagysli\u0173 pa\u017eeidimas (mikroangiopatija \u2013 retinopatija, nefropatija). Atsiradusios komplikacijos lemia blogesn\u0119 CD sergan\u010di\u0173asmen\u0173 gyvenimo kokyb\u0119, prie\u0161laikin\u012f darbingumo praradim\u0105 bei ankstesn\u0119 mirt\u012f.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Paplitimas <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">CD paplitimas nuolat did\u0117ja. Tarptautin\u0117s diabeto federacijos (TDF) duomenimis, 1994 metais CD pasaulyje sirgo 100 mln. \u017emoni\u0173, 2000 metais \u2013 171 mln., 2007 metais \u2013 jau 246 mln. Preliminariais skai\u010diavimais, 2025 metais pasaulyje bus apie 333 mln. CD sergan\u010di\u0173 \u017emoni\u0173. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Klasifikacija <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">\u0160iuolaikin\u0117 CD klasifikacija paremta etiopatogenezini\u0173 prie\u017eas\u010di\u0173 tyrimais [2, 3]. Etiologiniai tipai atspindi CD sukelian\u010dius defektus bei progresuojan\u010dius patologinius procesus. Visiems sutrikimams bendra tai, kad visada organizme arba stinga insulino, arba audiniai atspar\u016bs insulinui ir d\u0117l to did\u0117ja tinkamai nepanaudotos gliukoz\u0117s kiekis kraujyje \u2013 progresuoja l\u0117tin\u0117 hiperglikemija.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Cukrinio diabeto klasifikacija yra tokia:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">1. Pirmo tipo cukrinis diabetas<\/span><\/b><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\"> \u2013 beta l\u0105steli\u0173 destrukcija, lemianti absoliut\u0173 insulino stygi\u0173:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0cm;\">\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Imuninis \u2013 nustatomas, kai randama autoantik\u016bn\u0173 prie\u0161 insulin\u0105, gliutamatdekarboksilaz\u0119 (GAD), kasos saleli\u0173 beta l\u0105steles ir pan.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Idiopatinis \u2013 nustatomas, kai nerandama autoimuninio proceso po\u017eymi\u0173, bet yra ry\u0161ki hiperglikemija ir b\u016btinas insulinas.<b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">2. Antro tipo cukrinis diabetas<\/span><\/b><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\"> \u2013 vyrauja arba atsparumas insulinui, arba insulino sekrecijos nepakankamumas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">3. Kiti specifiniai diabeto tipai:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0cm;\">\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Genetiniai beta l\u0105steli\u0173 funkcijos defektai:<\/span><\/i>\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0cm;\">\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Chromosomos 20q, HNF-4\u03b1 genas<b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"> <\/b>\u2013 jaun\u0173 asmen\u0173 suaugusi\u0173j\u0173 tipo diabetas<b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"> <\/i><\/b>1 (MODY 1); <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Chromosomos 7p, gliukokinaz\u0117s raidos genas \u2013 jaun\u0173 asmen\u0173 suaugusi\u0173j\u0173 tipo diabetas<b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"> <\/i><\/b>2 (MODY 2);<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Chromosomos 12q, HNF-1\u03b1 genas \u2013 jaun\u0173 asmen\u0173 suaugusi\u0173j\u0173 tipo diabetas<b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"> <\/i><\/b>3 (MODY 3);<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Chromosomos 13q, insulino aktyvinimo veiksnio genas \u2013 jaun\u0173 asmen\u0173 suaugusi\u0173j\u0173 tipo diabetas 4 (MODY 4); <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Chromosomos 17q, HNF-1\u03b2 genas \u2013 jaun\u0173 asmen\u0173 suaugusi\u0173j\u0173 tipo diabetas<b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"> <\/i><\/b>5 (MODY 5); <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Chromosomos 2q, neurogenin\u0117s diferenciacijos 1\/\u03b2-l\u0105stel\u0117s transaktyvatorius 2 \u2013 jaun\u0173 asmen\u0173 suaugusi\u0173j\u0173 tipo diabetas<b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"> <\/i><\/b>6 (MODY 6);<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Mitochondrin\u0117 3243 DNR mutacija;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Kiti;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Genetiniai insulino veikimo defektai:<\/span><\/i>\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0cm;\">\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Pirmo (A) tipo atsparumas insulinui;<i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><\/i><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Lepre\u0161onizmas \u2013 vaisiaus raidos sutrikim\u0173 nulemtas 2 tipo CD, kai kartu b\u016bna distrofija;<i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><\/i><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Rabson-Mendenhall sindromas<i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"> \u2013 Acantosis nigricans<\/i>, kankor\u0117\u017ein\u0117s liaukos hiperplazija, 2 tipo CD;<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Lipoatrofinis diabetas;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Kiti.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Egzokrinin\u0117s kasos ligos:<\/span><\/i><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\"><\/span>\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0cm;\">\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Pankreatitas;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Fibrokalkuliozin\u0117 pankreatopatija;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Traumos ar chirurgin\u0117s proced\u016bros (pankreatektomija);<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Kasos navikai;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Destrukcin\u0117s kasos ligos (hemochromatoz\u0117, <a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/cistine-fibroze\/72664\">cistin\u0117 fibroz\u0117<\/a> ir pan.);<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Kitos.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Endokrinin\u0117s ligos:<\/span><\/i>\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0cm;\">\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Akromegalija;<i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><\/i><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Aldosteronoma; <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Feochromocitoma; <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Glukagonoma; <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Hipertiroidizmas; <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/kusingo-liga\/56561\">Ku\u0161ingo sindromas<\/a>; <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Somatostatinoma; <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Kitos.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Vaist\u0173 ar chemini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 sukeltas CD<\/span><\/i><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\"> \u2013 alfa interferonas, beta adrenomimetikai, diazoksidas, gliukokortikoidai, nikotino r\u016bg\u0161tis, tiazidiniai diuretikai ir kt.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Infekcijos<\/span><\/i><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\"> \u2013 citomegalovirusas, \u012fgimta <a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/raudonuke\/4348\">raudonuk\u0117<\/a> ir kt.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Nespecifin\u0117s imunin\u0117s kilm\u0117s formos<\/span><\/i><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\"> \u2013 antiinsulinini\u0173 receptori\u0173 antik\u016bnai, \u201eStiff man\u201c (sukaul\u0117jimo) sindromas<i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><\/i><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Kiti genetiniai sindromai, susij\u0119 su CD<\/span><\/i><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\"> \u2013 Dauno sindromas, Fridreicho ataksija, Hantingtono chor\u0117ja, Klainfelterio sindromas, Lorenso-Muno-Baidelio sindromas, Miotonin\u0117 distrofija, <a href=\"https:\/\/pasveik.lt\/lt\/ligos-ir-sindromai\/porfirija\/72337\">Porfirija<\/a>, Preider-Vilio sindromas, Ternerio sindromas, Volframo sindromas ir kt.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">4. Gestacinis diabetas<\/span><\/b><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\"> \u2013 pirm\u0105 kart\u0105 n\u0117\u0161tumo metu nustatytas \u012fvairaus laipsnio angliavandeni\u0173 apykaitos sutrikimas, pasirei\u0161kiantis \u012fvairaus laipsnio hiperglikemija.<b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: none;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">1 tipo cukrinis diabetas<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">1 tipo CD atsiranda d\u0117l genetini\u0173 ir aplinkos veiksni\u0173 poveikio kasos Langerhanso saleli\u0173 beta l\u0105stel\u0117ms: jos sunyksta, nelieka l\u0105steli\u0173 sekrecin\u0117s funkcijos ir galiausiai (sunykus 80 proc. l\u0105steli\u0173<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: LT;\">Cukrinis diabetas (CD) yra visuma metabolini\u0173 sutrikim\u0173, pasirei\u0161kian\u010di\u0173 l\u0117tine hiperglikemija bei angliavandeni\u0173, baltym\u0173 ir riebal\u0173 apykaitos sutrikimais, atsirandan\u010diais d\u0117l daugyb\u0117s paveldim\u0173 ir \u012fgyjam\u0173 etiologini\u0173 veiksni\u0173, sutrikdan\u010di\u0173 insulino i\u0161skyrim\u0105 ar jo veikim\u0105 arba sukelian\u010di\u0173 abu sutrikimus [1]. L\u0117tin\u0117 hiperglikemija toksi\u0161kai veikia \u012fvairias organizmo l\u0105steles ir audinius \u2013 tai lemia organ\u0173 funkcijos sutrikim\u0105 bei nepakankamum\u0105. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27313],"tags":[400,24785,3247,21],"site":[],"post_item_type":[27345],"class_list":["post-9365","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gydymo-naujienos","tag-diabetas","tag-diabetas-mody","tag-distrofija","tag-sindromas"],"acf":{"post_sites":false},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9365","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9365"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9365\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9365"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9365"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9365"},{"taxonomy":"site","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/site?post=9365"},{"taxonomy":"post_item_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasveik.lt\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_item_type?post=9365"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}